Inequalities in early childhood care and development in low/middle-income countries: 2010–2018

Research on early childhood development (ECD) inequalities in low/middle-income countries is limited, affecting policy guidance for nurturing care to prevent disparities. Analysis of data from 135 surveys across 85 countries (2010-2018) revealed significant gaps in stunting, poverty exposure, early education attendance, home stimulation, and child development outcomes, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. These inequalities are pronounced across household wealth, residential areas, and country income groups, with no significant improvements over time in a subset of countries. The findings emphasize the need to target the poorest families and rural areas in efforts to reduce ECD inequalities, alongside the importance of enhancing global ECD measurements to ensure equal opportunities for all children.

Lu, Chunling, Jorge Cuartas, and G. Fink (2020). “Inequalities in early childhood care and development in low/middle-income countries: 2010–2018.” BMJ Global Health.